395 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
395 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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marp: true
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class: invert
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paginate: true
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footer: "Albert Vala, Filip Kohout, Nix flakes & Nix command"
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---
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<style>
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@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Ubuntu:ital,wght@0,300;0,400;0,500;0,700;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,700&display=swap');
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:root {
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background-color: rgb(10,10,10);
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font-family: Ubuntu, Arial
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}
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h1 {
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color: rgb(87, 175, 246)
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}
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code {
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background-color: rgb(10,10,10)
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}
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header {
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color: rgb(100,100,100)
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}
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footer {
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color: rgb(100,100,100)
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}
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</style>
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# Nix flakes & Nix command
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---
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# Nix Command
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* Nové nix cli
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* Flake support
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---
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# Porovnání
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```shell
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nix-shell -p cowsay #Old
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nix shell nixpkgs#cowsay #New
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nix run nixpkgs#cowsay #New
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```
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---
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# Commandy
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| Command | Na |
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| ------------ | ---------------------------------- |
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| flake new | Vytvoření flaky z template |
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| develop | Build environment shell |
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| shell | temp shell s nějakým programem |
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| config check | Check configu na potenciální chyby |
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| run | Spustí output z flaky |
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---
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# Flakes
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* ## Proč?
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* Lockfiles.
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* Flake inputs
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* ## Na co?
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* Cokoliv.
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---
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# Nix command + flakes
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- temp shell
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```shell
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nix shell nixpkgs#alejandra
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nix shell github:kamadorueda/alejandra
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```
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- Show output attr
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```shell
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nix flake show github:kamadorueda/alejandra
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```
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---
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# Jak použít flakes na systémovou configuraci?
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* Flakes používáme jen na management input a output atributů
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* Zbytek konfigurace používá inputy definované ve flake.nix
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---
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```nix
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# flake.nix
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{
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inputs = {
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nixpkgs.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
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home-manager.url = "github:nix-community/home-manager";
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home-manager.inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
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zen-browser.url = "github:0xc000022070/zen-browser-flake";
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};
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outputs = inputs @ {
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nixpkgs,
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home-manager,
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zen-browser,
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...
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}: {
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nixosConfigurations = {
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nixos = nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem {
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system = "x86_64-linux";
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modules = [
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./configuration.nix
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home-manager.nixosModules.home-manager
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{
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home-manager.useGlobalPkgs = false;
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home-manager.useUserPackages = true;
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home-manager.extraSpecialArgs = {inherit zen-browser;};
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home-manager.users.nixFreak = import ./home.nix;
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}
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];
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};
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};
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};
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}
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```
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---
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```nix
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# home.nix
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{
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zen-browser,
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config,
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pkgs,
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...
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}: {
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home.username = "nixFreak";
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home.homeDirectory = "/home/nixFreak";
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home.stateVersion = "24.05";
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home.packages = with pkgs;
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[
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cowsay
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]
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++ [
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zen-browser.packages."${system}".default
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];
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programs.home-manager.enable = true;
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}
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```
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---
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```nix
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# configuration.nix
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{
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config,
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lib,
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pkgs,
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...
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}: {
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imports = [
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# Include the results of the hardware scan.
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./hardware-configuration.nix
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];
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boot.loader.systemd-boot.enable = true;
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boot.loader.efi.canTouchEfiVariables = true;
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users.users.nixFreak = {
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isNormalUser = true;
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extraGroups = ["wheel"];
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};
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system.stateVersion = "25.05";
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}
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```
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---
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# Inputs
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* `nix flake metadata --json | jq` - zobrazí vstupy
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* lock aktuální verze
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* `nix flake update` - aktualizace všech vstupů
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* `nix flake update [home-manager]` - aktualizace jednoho vstupu
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```nix
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inputs = {
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nixpkgs.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
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nixpkgs-stable.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixos-24.11";
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nixpkgs-current = "github:nixos/nixpkgs?ref=3058cf84bce1aba7b1820cb24319a171572217ba-dirty";
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}
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```
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---
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# Nixos-rebuild
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* Je to jen bash script
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```shell
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nixos-rebuild --flake
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nh os switch
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```
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```shell
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nix build /etc/nixos#nixosConfigurations.nixos.config.system.build.toplevel
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./result/bin/switch-to-configuration switch
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```
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---
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# Remote building
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* `nixos-rebuild --target-host nixFreak@192.168.8.32 switch --flake .#default`
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* `--use-remote-sudo`
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* `--build-host` - konfigurace tady
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* `--target-host` - konfigurace tam
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* `nix.settings.trusted-users`
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---
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# Virtual machine
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* `nix run github:nix-community/nixos-generators -- -c ./flake.nix --flake '#default' -f vm --disk-size 20480`
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* možnost generovat pro různé platformy (Amazon E2C, Docker, ISO, Proxmox, VMware, vagrant, qcow, ...)
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* [https://github.com/nix-community/nixos-generators](https://github.com/nix-community/nixos-generators)
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---
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# Nix language
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* `nix-repl` nebo `nix-instantiate --eval foo.nix`
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```nix
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# Deklarace setu
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foo = {
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bar = "test"
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}
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# "Čtení" setu (evaluation)
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foo.bar
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# Let-In syntaxe
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let
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foo = {
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bar = "test"
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};
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in
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foo.bar
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```
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---
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```nix
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# Rekurze
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foo = rec {
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bar = 10;
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ham = 5;
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eggs = bar + ham;
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}
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```
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```nix
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# Použití with
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environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
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neovim
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wireshark
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];
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```
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---
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## Funkce
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```nix
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# Jednoduchá funkce
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let
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bar = eggs: eggs + 1;
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in
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bar 3 # -> 4
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# Funkce s více parametry
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let
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bar = eggs: bacon: (eggs+1) * bacon;
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in
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bar 3 7 # -> 28
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```
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---
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```nix
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let
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bar = { bacon, eggs }: bacon + eggs;
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in
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bar { bacon = 10; eggs = 15; }
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```
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* konfigurační soubory jsou funkce
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```nix
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# configuration.nix
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{inputs, pkgs}:
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{
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environment.systemPackages = [
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inputs.zen-browser.packages.${system}.default
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pkgs.gcc
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];
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}
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```
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---
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```nix
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let
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bar = { bacon ? 10, eggs, ... }: bacon + eggs;
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in
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bar { eggs = 15; bread = 30 }
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```
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```nix
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let
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bar = { bacon ? 10, ... }@arguments:
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bacon + arguments.eggs;
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in
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bar { eggs = 15; bread = 30; }
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```
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---
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```nix
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outputs = inputs @ {
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nixpkgs,
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home-manager,
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zen-browser,
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...
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}: {
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nixosConfigurations = {
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nixos = nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem {
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...
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```
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---
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# Nix writers
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* Jednoduchý způsob přidávání skriptů v různých programovacích jazycích do
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systému
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* Rozdíl oproti klasickému `pkgs.writeShellScriptBin`
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* [nixpkgs](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/pkgs/build-support/writers/scripts.nix) - pro všechny možnosti konfigurace skriptů
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* [https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Nix-writers](https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Nix-writers) - wiki
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---
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```nix
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pkgs.writers.writeBash "hello-world-bash" {}
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''
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echo "Hello world!"
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''
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pkgs.writers.writePython3 "hello-world-python" {}
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''
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print("Hello world!")
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''
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pkgs.writers.writeRust "hello-world-rust" {}
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''
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fn main() {
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println!("Hello world!")
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}
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''
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```
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---
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```nix
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pkgs.writers.writePython3 "hello-world-python"
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{
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libraries = [ pkgs.python3Packages.requests ];
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makeWrapperArgs = [
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"--prefix", "PATH", ":", "${pkgs.sl}/bin",
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];
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}
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''
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print("Hello world!")
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''
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```
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